SemEnglish Primer
    Created 2001/1/26 last revised 2001/3/25
    pronounced `sem.Eng.lish

    Inspired by TimBL's N3 see http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/Primer.html

    OBJECTIVE: Semenglish is all about bringing to the foreground the natural language that we all know, love, and understand; and at the same time not sacrificing the precision that machine agents require one bit.  It is designed to be not only the input from humans to semantic memory, but also the output from semantic memory to humans.  It will always be possible to unambiguously translate Semenglish to RDF/XML and visa versa.
     

    • Every token is either
      • a literal is enclosed in " ..." or in '....'
      • a number
      • a member of the set of punctuation
        • ; , [ ] ( ) { } .
      • rule:  a token cannot end in a punctuation
      • Otherwise it is:  a ProperUri of which there are two types
        • fully qualified <NamespacePrefix>:<RelativeFragment>
        • qualified by the namespace defined in the dictionary {see fromDictionary}
    • Phraseology:
      • subject verb object - triple (at top level only?)
      • [verb object] - anomous triple (unnamed with a uri)
      • [subject verb object] - reified triple (subordinate level only?)
      • [statementIdentifier subject verb object] - explicitidly reified triple: a specific triple in a specific context of utterance
    • All statements build triples for the labeled directed graphs of the RDF data model.
    • All tokens are either URI fragment terms, URIs  or littorals
    • Littorals are either strings enclosed in "..." or numbers
    • a period terminates sentences
    • semicolons mean that subject is to be repeated from prior clause
    • commas mean that subject and verb are to be repeated from prior clause
    • nesting of any subject, verb, or object can be done with [ ...] and express either anonymous nodes or reified reified statements
    • anonymous nodes have [verb object]
    • reified statements have [subject verb object]
    • { .... } are statement containers
    • (natural language string) gives the rdfs:label for the anonymous node of the subject, verb, or object
    • the context of utterance may inherit attributes from the containing XML element. For example:
      • swag:fromDictionary - the uri of a coherent dictionary containing no homonyms - defaults to swag playground
      • swag:language - taken as "SemEnglish"
      • swag:context - the uri of a context containing these statements
      • swag:intent - the intent of the author of the utterance
    • A token is that contains a ':' and no embedded spaces is expanded when translated to RDF
      • the part to the left of the colon becomes the Prefix
      • the prefix is expanded according to {Prefix nsUri 'http://...whatever....#'}
    • in semenglish a uri scheme is just a namespace prefix

    • 00:21:26 <Seth> the namespace uri that is associated with the uri schema is just itself
      00:22:43 <Seth> rdfs nsPrefix http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
      00:22:55 <Seth> http nsPrefix http
      00:25:00 <Seth> urn nsPrefix urn
    Known problems
    • matters marked with "?"
    • (How to distinguish between explicit and implicit reification ?)  hasBeenFixedBy (Phraseology section above)
    • How to designate questions and procedures?  integrate ! and ? in the language - stay tuned
    Example:
    <signature 
          swag:language="SemEnglish" 
          swag:talkingIn="http://webns.net/roughterms/"
          swag:intent="inform"
          swag:context="ThisEmail">
    Seth
       properName "Seth Russell";
       mbox "mailto:seth@robustai.net";
       workingOn http://RobustAI.net/MyNetwork/index.html;
       workingOn http://robustAI.net/MyNetwork/StickeyCyberMolecules.html ;
       wrote http://robustai.net/ai/symknow.htm;
       conjectures http://RobustAi.net/Ai/Conjecture.htm;
       affiliatedWith http://purl.org/swag/ ;
       affiliatedWith http://speaktomecatalog.com ;
       lookingFor [Who:Person#x willProgram Sembrowser].
    </signature>